The Communications Assistance for Law Enforcement Act.of 1994.

In October 1994, Congress passed CALEA  to require telecommunications carriers to assist law enforcement that had a court order or other legal authority to conduct electronic surveillance.

The FCC also require broadband voice communications to be able to be wiretapped (usually called lawful intercept). The FCC requires "all carriers providing facilities-based broadband Internet access and interconnected VoIP service to submit interim reports to the Commission to ensure that they will be CALEA-compliant by May 14, 2007."